Literature review: the use of subcutaneous ureteral bypass in the treatment of urolithiasis in felines

Abstract

Feline ureterolithiasis is a clinically significant condition commonly associated with ureteral obstruction and progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Due to the limitations of conventional surgical techniques, the subcutaneous ureteral bypass (SUB) has emerged as an effective therapeutic alternative, particularly in cases involving ureteral stenosis or when restoration of ureteral patency is not feasible. This study aims to review the current literature on the use of SUB, highlighting its indications, advantages, and associated complications. The technique demonstrates high efficacy in restoring urinary flow, leading to significant clinical improvement and increased patient survival. However, complications such as device obstruction, mineralization, and urinary tract infections have been reported, requiring strict postoperative monitoring. In conclusion, SUB represents a promising and less invasive surgical option compared to traditional methods, although further studies are needed to refine its indications and reduce long-term complication rates.